* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

:root {
  --page-bg: #f5f6f3;
  --surface: #ffffff;
  --surface-soft: #eef3f1;
  --ink: #1f2a2e;
  --muted: #5d6b70;
  --border: #d9e0dd;
  --accent: #0f6b84;
  --accent-strong: #0a4d61;
  --accent-warm: #9b5c2e;
  --shadow: 0 14px 34px rgba(31, 42, 46, 0.08);
  --home-block-width: 1200px;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
  background: var(--page-bg);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.68;
}

img,
video,
object {
  max-width: 100%;
}

a {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration-thickness: 0.08em;
  text-underline-offset: 0.16em;
  transition: color 0.2s ease, background 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
}

a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-strong);
}

p {
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

ul,
ol {
  margin: 0 0 1rem 1.25rem;
  padding-left: 0.7rem;
}

li {
  margin-bottom: 0.55rem;
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
  color: #132025;
  font-weight: 750;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  line-height: 1.18;
  margin: 0 0 0.85rem;
}

h1 {
  font-size: clamp(3rem, 7vw, 5.8rem);
}

h2 {
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem);
}

h3 {
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2vw, 1.85rem);
  margin-top: 0.3rem;
}

h4 {
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  margin-top: 1.3rem;
}

main {
  padding: 0;
}

section {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 8px;
  margin: 24px auto;
  padding: clamp(20px, 3vw, 36px);
  width: min(1120px, calc(100vw - 32px));
}

.home-page section {
  border: 0;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  width: min(var(--home-block-width), calc(100vw - 32px));
}

.site-hero {
  align-items: center;
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(10, 28, 34, 0.86), rgba(10, 28, 34, 0.54)),
    url("../../main_gv/Auther_Seat.png") center/cover no-repeat;
  border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;
  color: #fff;
  display: grid;
  gap: clamp(20px, 4vw, 44px);
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.95fr) auto;
  margin: 24px auto 0;
  min-height: clamp(500px, 72vh, 620px);
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: clamp(34px, 6vw, 76px) clamp(28px, 7vw, 96px);
  width: min(var(--home-block-width), calc(100vw - 32px));
}

.site-hero h1,
.site-hero p {
  color: #fff;
}

.site-hero h1 {
  font-size: clamp(4rem, 5vw, 4.9rem);
}

.hero-content {
  max-width: 780px;
}

.hero-kicker,
.section-kicker,
.story-kicker {
  color: var(--accent-warm);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  margin-bottom: 0.55rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.site-hero .hero-kicker {
  color: #e2b07f;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.hero-lede {
  font-size: 1.45rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  max-width: 760px;
}

.profile-photo {
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  border: 6px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82);
  border-radius: 50%;
  box-shadow: 0 18px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.32);
  display: block;
  object-fit: cover;
  transform: translateX(-24px);
  width: clamp(200px, 22vw, 330px);
}

.hero-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.85rem;
  margin-top: 1.8rem;
}

.site-hero .button {
  font-size: 1.14rem;
  min-height: 52px;
  padding: 0.95rem 1.3rem;
}

.button {
  align-items: center;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 6px;
  display: inline-flex;
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  justify-content: center;
  line-height: 1;
  min-height: 46px;
  padding: 0.8rem 1.08rem;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.button-primary,
.card .button {
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fff;
}

.button-primary:hover,
.card .button:hover {
  background: var(--accent-strong);
  color: #fff;
}

.button-secondary {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.62);
  color: #fff;
}

.button-secondary:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
  color: #fff;
}

.site-nav {
  background: #132025;
  border-radius: 0 0 8px 8px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  width: min(var(--home-block-width), calc(100vw - 32px));
  z-index: 1000;
}

.site-nav ul {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.35rem;
  justify-content: center;
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0.58rem;
}

.site-nav li {
  margin: 0;
}

.site-nav a {
  border-radius: 6px;
  color: #fff;
  display: block;
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  padding: 0.98rem 1.22rem;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.site-nav a:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  color: #fff;
}

.home-main {
  padding: 24px 0 34px;
}

.home-section {
  margin-top: 22px;
}

.section-heading {
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.home-section h2 {
  font-size: 2.25rem;
}

.two-column {
  display: grid;
  gap: clamp(20px, 3vw, 34px);
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(280px, 0.8fr);
}

.highlight-list,
.timeline-list,
.publication-list {
  list-style: none;
  margin-left: 0;
  padding-left: 0;
}

.highlight-list li,
.timeline-list li {
  border-left: 4px solid var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
  padding: 0.2rem 0 0.2rem 0.9rem;
}

.publication-list {
  columns: 1;
  font-size: 0.97rem;
}

.publication-list li {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  break-inside: avoid;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  padding: 0.85rem 0;
}

.profile-links {
  font-weight: 750;
  margin-top: 1.25rem;
}

.highlighted-email {
  background: #e8f2f5;
  border-radius: 4px;
  padding: 0.08rem 0.28rem;
}

.figure-grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: clamp(16px, 3vw, 32px);
  margin: 1.25rem auto;
  width: min(980px, 92vw);
}

.figure-grid figure {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 8px;
  margin: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.figure-grid a {
  color: inherit;
  display: block;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.figure-grid img,
.figure-grid video {
  display: block;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  width: 100%;
}

.figure-grid figcaption {
  color: #3d4a4f;
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  padding: 0.85rem 1rem 1rem;
}

.figure-grid .credit {
  color: var(--muted);
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  margin-top: 0.35rem;
}

#cloning li,
#references li {
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-left: 0;
  text-align: left;
}

.card-grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: 20px;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(285px, 1fr));
  margin: 0 auto;
  width: 100%;
}

.card {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 8px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.card img {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  padding: 10px;
  width: 100%;
}

.card-body {
  display: flex;
  flex: 1;
  flex-direction: column;
  padding: 1.05rem 1.15rem 1.2rem;
}

.card h3 {
  color: #1c2a2f;
  font-size: 1.32rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.55rem;
}

.card p {
  color: #425056;
  flex: 1;
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}


/* Research story layout and reusable visual components */
.research-story section {
  width: min(1180px, calc(100vw - 32px));
  margin: 24px auto;
  padding: clamp(18px, 3vw, 34px);
}

.research-story .story-hero {
  padding-top: clamp(22px, 4vw, 44px);
}

.back-link {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 1rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #315f7d;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.back-link:hover {
  color: #17435f;
}

.story-kicker {
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
  color: #596a70;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.story-hero h2 {
  max-width: 980px;
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 3vw, 3.1rem);
  line-height: 1.15;
}

.story-lede {
  max-width: 980px;
  color: #23313d;
  font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 2vw, 1.45rem);
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.story-highlights {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 12px;
  margin: 1.4rem 0 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.story-highlights li {
  background: #f7faf9;
  border-left: 4px solid #2f83c5;
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 0.85rem 1rem;
  color: #334044;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.figure-grid.story-wide {
  width: min(980px, 92vw);
}

.figure-grid.story-medium {
  width: min(780px, 92vw);
}

.research-story .figure-grid figure {
  border-color: #d9e2e3;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

.research-story .figure-grid img {
  aspect-ratio: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.research-story figcaption {
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.process-strip,
.concept-panel,
.fracture-cycle {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  padding: 1rem;
  background: #fbfcfa;
}

.process-strip {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.process-step,
.concept-card,
.fracture-state {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #d7dfdf;
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 0.85rem;
}

.process-step {
  text-align: center;
}

.process-step span,
.fracture-state > span {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 0.25rem;
  color: #596a70;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.concept-panel.two-column {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.concept-card {
  border-top-width: 4px;
}

.concept-card p {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.concept-card.velocity-up {
  border-top-color: #326f9d;
}

.concept-card.velocity-down {
  border-top-color: #a9452d;
}

.embedded-pdf {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: min(430px, 70vh);
  background: #fff;
  border: 0;
}

.wave-sketch {
  padding: 1rem 1.1rem;
  background: #fff;
}

.wave-row {
  position: relative;
  height: 92px;
}

.wave-row.reference {
  border-bottom: 1px solid #d8d8d8;
}

.wave-line {
  position: absolute;
  left: 4%;
  right: 4%;
  top: 34px;
  height: 3px;
  background: currentColor;
}

.wave-row.reference {
  color: #326f9d;
}

.wave-row.delayed {
  color: #a9452d;
}

.wave-row.delayed .wave-line {
  left: 6%;
  right: 2%;
  top: 39px;
}

.wave-pulse {
  position: absolute;
  width: 12px;
  background: currentColor;
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.wave-pulse.p1 {
  left: 12%;
  top: 24px;
  height: 22px;
}

.wave-pulse.p2 {
  left: 28%;
  top: 18px;
  height: 34px;
}

.wave-pulse.p3 {
  left: 48%;
  top: 22px;
  height: 26px;
}

.wave-pulse.p4 {
  left: 68%;
  top: 27px;
  width: 10px;
  height: 16px;
}

.wave-row.delayed .wave-pulse.p1 {
  left: 15%;
  top: 30px;
}

.wave-row.delayed .wave-pulse.p2 {
  left: 32%;
  top: 24px;
}

.wave-row.delayed .wave-pulse.p3 {
  left: 53%;
  top: 28px;
}

.wave-row.delayed .wave-pulse.p4 {
  left: 74%;
  top: 33px;
}

.wave-label {
  position: absolute;
  left: 4%;
  bottom: 8px;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.fracture-cycle {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.fracture-state {
  text-align: center;
}

.fracture-drawing {
  position: relative;
  height: 64px;
  margin: 0.65rem 0;
}

.fracture-drawing .slab,
.fracture-drawing .fluid,
.fracture-drawing .contact {
  position: absolute;
  display: block;
}

.fracture-drawing .slab {
  left: 15%;
  right: 15%;
  height: 8px;
  background: #6f6f6f;
}

.fracture-drawing.open .upper {
  top: 12px;
  transform: rotate(-3deg);
}

.fracture-drawing.open .lower {
  bottom: 12px;
  transform: rotate(3deg);
}

.fracture-drawing.close .upper {
  top: 21px;
  transform: rotate(-2deg);
}

.fracture-drawing.close .lower {
  bottom: 21px;
  transform: rotate(2deg);
}

.fracture-drawing.heal .center {
  top: 28px;
}

.fracture-drawing .fluid {
  left: 42%;
  right: 42%;
  top: 23px;
  bottom: 23px;
  background: #2f83c5;
  border-radius: 6px;
}

.fracture-drawing .contact {
  top: 24px;
  width: 10px;
  height: 16px;
  background: #0a766d;
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.fracture-drawing .c1 {
  left: 25%;
}

.fracture-drawing .c2 {
  left: 49%;
}

.fracture-drawing .c3 {
  left: 70%;
}

.site-footer {
  padding: 18px 20px 28px;
  text-align: center;
  color: #555;
}

.site-footer .container {
  width: min(var(--home-block-width), 100%);
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.research-story .figure-grid {
  display: grid !important;
  gap: clamp(16px, 3vw, 28px) !important;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(min(320px, 100%), 1fr)) !important;
  justify-content: center !important;
  margin: 1.35rem auto !important;
  max-width: 1180px !important;
  width: min(100%, 92vw) !important;
}

.research-story .figure-grid figure,
.research-story section > figure {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 8px;
  margin: 1.25rem auto !important;
  max-width: min(100%, 980px) !important;
  min-width: 0 !important;
  overflow: hidden;
  width: 100% !important;
}

.research-story .figure-grid img,
.research-story .figure-grid video,
.research-story section > figure img {
  display: block !important;
  height: auto !important;
  margin: 0 auto !important;
  max-width: 100% !important;
  object-fit: contain !important;
  position: static !important;
  transform: none !important;
  width: 100% !important;
}

.research-story figcaption {
  color: #3d4a4f;
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  padding: 0.85rem 1rem 1rem;
}

.research-story a,
.research-story p,
.research-story li,
.research-story figcaption,
.publication-list li {
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.research-story span {
  white-space: normal !important;
}

mjx-container {
  max-width: 100%;
  overflow-x: auto;
  overflow-y: hidden;
}

mjx-container[jax="CHTML"][display="true"] {
  display: block;
  padding-bottom: 0.2rem;
}

mjx-container mjx-math {
  max-width: 100%;
}

.research-story .callout {
  background: #f8faf9 !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--accent) !important;
  border-radius: 6px;
  margin: 1rem 0 !important;
  padding: 0.85rem 1rem !important;
}

.research-story .equal-figure-pair {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)) !important;
  max-width: 1080px !important;
}

.research-story .equal-figure-pair figure {
  align-self: stretch;
}

.research-story .boundary-reflection-pair a {
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
}

.research-story .boundary-reflection-pair a img {
  height: 100% !important;
  object-fit: contain !important;
}

.research-story .boundary-reflection-pair video {
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
  background: #fff;
  display: block;
  height: auto !important;
  object-fit: cover !important;
  width: 100%;
}

.research-story .media-crop {
  background: #fff;
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
}

.research-story .boundary-reflection-video-crop {
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
}

.research-story .boundary-reflection-video-crop video {
  display: block;
  height: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  object-fit: cover !important;
  object-position: center center !important;
  width: 100% !important;
}

.research-story .active-cancel-grid {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
  max-width: 1260px !important;
}

.research-story .active-cancel-figure {
  max-width: 1100px !important;
}

.research-story .active-cancel-video-crop {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
}

.research-story .active-cancel-video-crop video {
  display: block;
  height: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  object-fit: cover !important;
  object-position: center center !important;
  width: 100% !important;
}

@media (max-width: 960px) {
  .site-hero {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    min-height: auto;
    padding: 42px 28px 52px;
  }

  .site-hero h1 {
    font-size: 3rem;
  }

  .hero-content {
    max-width: 720px;
  }

  .hero-lede {
    font-size: 1.24rem;
    max-width: 680px;
  }

  .profile-photo {
    justify-self: start;
    transform: none;
    width: 190px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  body {
    font-size: 17px;
  }

  .site-hero {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    min-height: auto;
    padding: 38px 20px 46px;
  }

  .site-hero h1 {
    font-size: 2.45rem;
  }

  .hero-lede {
    font-size: 1.15rem;
  }

  .profile-photo {
    justify-self: start;
    transform: none;
    width: 155px;
  }

  .two-column,
  .card-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .research-story .equal-figure-pair {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
  }

  .research-story .boundary-reflection-video-crop video,
  .research-story .active-cancel-video-crop video {
    margin: 0 !important;
    max-width: 100% !important;
    width: 100% !important;
  }

  .site-nav ul {
    justify-content: flex-start;
    overflow-x: auto;
  }

  .story-highlights,
  .process-strip,
  .concept-panel.two-column,
  .fracture-cycle {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .research-story section {
    width: auto;
    max-width: 100%;
    margin: 16px 0;
    padding: 16px;
  }

  .figure-grid.story-wide,
  .figure-grid.story-medium {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
  }

  .site-footer .container {
    width: auto;
    max-width: 100%;
  }
}